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Analysis of New Transmission and Transformation Technology
Science and technology are the primary drivers of social transformation, shaping the future in ways that have always been true. As China's power grid continues to evolve, the ability to harness cutting-edge technologies and anticipate future trends becomes crucial for success. The State Grid Corporation of China is currently implementing or planning five key new power transmission technologies that are set to redefine the energy landscape.
The first is Ultra High Voltage (UHV) Direct Current (DC) transmission technology. By 2015, the company planned to build seven UHV DC lines, with a total of 27 projects expected by 2020. As of 2012, several major projects had already been completed or were under construction, including the Upline, Jinping-Sunan, Zhengzhou, Hami, Xiluo, West Zhejiang, and others. Additional projects such as Ningdong-Zhejiang, Ximeng-Taizhou, and Mengxi-Hubei were also approved for development in 2013. Looking ahead, the State Grid is developing ±1100 kV DC technology, featuring large-section, eight-split conductors, aiming for a transmission capacity of over 13 million kilowatts. Meanwhile, existing ±800 kV lines can carry up to 10 million kilowatts, with the second line of the Jinping-Sunan project already operating at 7.2 million kilowatts.
Second is Flexible DC Transmission technology. The company is constructing the Dalian cross-sea flexible DC project and the Zhoushan multi-terminal flexible DC demonstration project. The Dalian project aims to enhance power supply reliability in southern Dalian, with a capacity of 1,000 megawatts at ±320 kV, using 67.2 km of cable, including 54 km underwater. The Zhoushan project connects five islands and has a similar capacity of 1,000 megawatts at ±200 kV, with 140 km of cabling, and is scheduled to go live this year.
Third is the next-generation smart substation technology. The State Grid has adopted four types: 220 kV AIS and GIS stations, and 110 kV AIS and GIS stations. This year, two 220 kV substations will be built, including the Beijing Science and Technology City GIS station and the Chongqing AIS station, along with four 110 kV stations. Over the next two years, the company plans to build 50 new smart substations and complete 500 kV and 330 kV demonstration stations. The 220 kV AIS station reduces land use by about 40% through design simplifications, such as integrated smart circuit breakers and optimized busbar configurations. These innovations are expected to drive demand for smart circuit breakers in the market.
Fourth is standard distribution smart substation technology. This approach focuses on integrating new technologies to improve efficiency through standardized design, industrialized processing, and modular construction. In the first phase, five distribution-type smart substations will be built, featuring prefabricated power rooms and secondary equipment. In the second phase, 25 more stations will follow, with prefabricated GIS buildings and plug-and-play systems. This trend highlights the growing importance of modularity and standardization in substation design.
Finally, intelligent AC transmission lines leverage advanced materials, flexible control, and communication technologies. These lines incorporate state detection, safety alerts, dynamic capacity expansion, and other innovations, making them safer, more efficient, and environmentally friendly. Technologies like UAV inspections, helicopter patrols, composite poles, and ice-melting devices are creating new market opportunities. The State Grid is actively planning to implement these solutions, marking a significant step toward a smarter, more resilient power grid.