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Open field pepper "three-phase" å’‹ fertilization
In the early stage of fruit setting, plants enter a period of active growth, so consistent watering and fertilization are essential. It is recommended to water every two weeks and apply fertilizer through irrigation. Each application can include 10 kg of ammonium sulfate or 800 kg of diluted human manure. At this time, it's important to harvest the lower fruits promptly, especially peppers, to encourage earlier harvesting. Watering should be done in small amounts, and after heavy rain, any standing water in the field must be drained quickly. Once the weather clears, it's advisable to spray preventive pesticides to avoid diseases like anthracnose.
During the fruiting period, watering should remain moderate to prevent soil compaction and maintain good air circulation. For peppers, which grow during the hot and rainy season, continuous fertilization with water is necessary. After heavy rains, it’s crucial to water again to improve soil aeration and support root respiration. Additionally, the soil around the base of the plant should be lightly cultivated, but not too deep—around 13 cm is ideal.
In the later stages of harvesting, a second peak in pepper yield often occurs. At this point, water should be applied every 7–8 days, and 2–3 fertilizer applications with water are recommended. During the "watering" phase, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate per acre is applied. When the "white dew" season arrives, 500 kg of diluted human manure is used with irrigation. During the "autumn" period, 300 kg of diluted manure is applied per acre. The manure should be thin to ensure even distribution. In the late harvest phase, it's important to remove yellow leaves from the lower part of the plant and prune long or inner branches to improve airflow and light penetration, which helps reduce disease risk and enhances fruit quality.
(Zheng Hongxing, Yucheng County Agricultural Bureau, Shandong Province)
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