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It is a precondition for the continuous improvement of hydropower installed capacity and ecological protection
China's hydropower installed capacity has seen a gradual decline in its share of the total power generation mix in recent years. As of the end of 2012, China's hydropower installed capacity reached 248.9 million kilowatts, making up 21.77% of the country's total power generation capacity. Within this, the pumped-storage capacity was 20.31 million kilowatts, accounting for 8.16%. This highlights the importance of hydropower in the national energy system, even as its relative share has started to shrink.
In 2012, the average utilization hours for power generation equipment at power plants with a capacity of 6,000 kilowatts and above was 4,572 hours, a decrease of 158 hours compared to the previous year. However, hydropower equipment had an average utilization of 3,555 hours, which marked an increase of 536 hours. This suggests that despite overall efficiency declines in other sectors, hydropower remained relatively efficient and reliable.
Looking ahead, it is expected that the proportion of hydropower in the energy mix will continue to decrease, even as its installed capacity grows. This shift is largely due to stronger national efforts in energy conservation and emission reduction, along with the rapid expansion of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. Nevertheless, hydropower still holds significant potential in the market.
Recent data indicates that hydropower and nuclear power maintain relatively high gross profit margins compared to other power generation methods. In 2012, China’s hydropower sector had the highest gross margin at 43.33%, followed by wind power at 41.37% and nuclear power at 40.89%. In contrast, thermal power had a much lower gross margin of only 13.43%. These figures highlight the economic competitiveness of hydropower in the current energy landscape.
Despite the challenges posed by increasing competition from other energy sources, hydropower continues to offer strong market potential. The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" and "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" were critical periods for major hydropower development in China. Hydropower projects benefited from preferential grid access and supportive policies for consumption. While initial investments may not yield immediate profits, the long-term returns are stable and sustainable, making hydropower a valuable asset in the country’s energy strategy.