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Method for making and storing hay in dairy cow feed
Hay is one of the essential feeds for dairy cows, playing a vital role in their diet. Unlike straw, it cannot be easily replaced, and high-quality hay ensures proper growth, increases milk production, and enhances milk quality. This makes it an important component in dairy farming.
**First, the Production of Hay**
1. **Raw Materials and Cutting Time**
Leguminous forages are typically harvested from the budding stage to the early flowering period, while grasses are usually cut at the heading stage. Timing is crucial to ensure maximum nutritional value and palatability for the animals.
2. **Methods of Making Hay**
(1) **Field Drying Method**
Depending on local climate conditions, farmers can use flat drying, small pile drying, or a combination of both. The goal is to minimize handling and turning of the grass during drying to reduce leaf loss and preserve nutrients.
(2) **Grass Frame Drying Method**
This method is commonly used in wet regions or during rainy seasons. Grasses are placed on racks in a conical or ridge shape, ensuring they are fluffy and not too thick—ideally no more than 80 cm. Proper airflow is essential, and the outer layer should be evenly spread with a slight slope for drainage.
(3) **Artificial Drying Method**
This involves using heat sources to control the drying process. Common techniques include normal temperature air drying in a hay shed, low-temperature drying in a drying room with preheated air, and high-temperature rapid drying using specialized forage dryers. Each method has its advantages depending on the scale of production and environmental conditions.
**Second, the Storage of Hay**
Proper storage is just as important as the production of hay. When storing indoors, keep the hay at a distance from the roof to allow for good ventilation and heat dissipation. For open-air storage, choose a high and dry location, raising the base 30–50 cm above the ground. Ensure the stack is compacted and covered to protect it from rain and moisture, which can lead to spoilage and loss of nutritional value.
By following these best practices, farmers can maintain the quality of their hay, which directly impacts the health and productivity of their dairy cows.