Metal halide lamp

Metal halide lamps are a type of high-pressure gas discharge lamp. They consist of a transparent outer glass envelope and an inner quartz arc tube that can withstand high temperatures. An inert gas, such as nitrogen, is typically filled between the outer casing and the inner tube, along with mercury vapor and metal halides. When the lamp is turned on, the metal halide vapor moves toward the center of the arc, where it breaks down into metal atoms and halogen atoms under intense heat. These metal atoms take part in the electrical discharge, producing visible light. As the metal and halogen atoms move to the cooler areas near the walls of the arc tube, they recombine to form metal halides again.

Metal halide lamps offer several advantages. One of their main benefits is high luminous efficiency, meaning they produce a lot of light while consuming relatively little energy. Additionally, they have a long operational life compared to other types of lamps. However, their performance can vary depending on the specific metal halides used. Some models may have poor color rendering, making objects appear less vibrant or accurate in color. On the other hand, high-quality metal halide lamps emit light that closely resembles natural daylight, offering better color accuracy and a more comfortable visual experience.

Another important characteristic of metal halide lamps is that they cannot be turned on instantly. It usually takes about five minutes for them to reach full brightness after being switched on. Once the power is cut off, the lamp needs to cool down before it can be restarted, which typically takes between five and twenty minutes. This makes them unsuitable for applications where frequent switching is required. Moreover, these lamps are sensitive to voltage fluctuations. A change of more than 10% above or below the rated voltage can cause shifts in the light’s color temperature. Finally, the position in which the lamp is installed can also affect its performance and light output.

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