Blisters on floor paint are a common issue, especially in the first floor or basement. However, they can also appear on upper floors. These blisters often show up shortly after construction, and sometimes even within a few hours of the paint being applied in the morning. The blister starts small and gradually grows until it reaches a certain size, then stops. The higher the temperature, the more likely and faster the blisters form. They come in various shapes and sizes—some can be over 1 meter in diameter and as high as 20 to 50 mm. There’s no clear connection between the size of the area and the occurrence of blisters. In the same space, some areas may have severe blistering while others remain intact. Even with the same team, materials, and application method, some sections develop blisters while others don’t, indicating that multiple factors contribute to this problem. The cause of these blisters is a major concern for many. When cut open, the bubbles often contain water or a yellowish liquid. The epoxy floor layer separates from the base, and the cement adhered to the base forms a raised peak. As shown in Figure 1-1, according to physical principles, in a closed container filled with liquid, evaporation creates a temperature-pressure relationship. At 20°C, the pressure inside is about 0.01 MPa, but when the temperature rises to 70–80°C, the pressure increases linearly to 0.1 MPa. In hot summer days, ground temperatures can reach up to 70°C. At such high temperatures, the epoxy adhesive softens and weakens, causing the floor to bulge and form a honeycomb-like structure. Some parts of the epoxy layer remain intact, while others separate from the ground. This happens because the epoxy didn't cure properly due to moisture. But where does this moisture come from? It mainly comes from four sources: 1) the base layer, like cement mortar leveling, which can have up to 12% moisture content; 2) residual moisture in other components of the epoxy; 3) poor adhesion during installation, leaving voids and unreacted chemicals; and 4) moisture from underground in basements. Proper preparation and control of humidity are essential to prevent such issues. Guangdong Kinen Sanitary Ware Industrial Co.,Ltd. , https://www.kinengroup.com
Floor paint blistering reasons
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