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Find out why the application is not effective
Pest control is commonly done using **pesticides**, but farmers often report that their effectiveness is not as expected. Some products, despite having full three-certification, new ingredients, high concentration, and advanced formulations, still fail to deliver results, leading to accusations of "fake medicine." The inefficacy of pesticides can be attributed to several factors:
First, the quality of the pesticide itself plays a crucial role. The active ingredients, chemical properties, and formulation all influence its performance. Even with the same active ingredient, different formulations can yield varying results. Differences in production processes and company capabilities also affect the final product. In some cases, companies may misrepresent the content, which directly impacts the effectiveness.
Second, the spraying technique greatly affects how well the pesticide works. Many farmers use outdated equipment that produces large droplets, which bounce off plant surfaces and end up on the ground instead of adhering to leaves. Reducing droplet size by half increases the number of droplets eightfold, significantly improving coverage and efficacy. However, many farmers over-spray to ensure coverage, which actually reduces effectiveness. Excess liquid causes droplets to merge into larger ones, decreasing the amount of pesticide that sticks to the leaves.
To improve spray quality, it's essential to upgrade spraying equipment, reduce nozzle size, and maintain a distance of at least 20 cm from crops during application. Adding silicone-based adjuvants can lower surface tension, reducing bounce and increasing absorption, especially on waxy or thick-leaved plants.
Third, incorrect disease diagnosis can lead to improper treatment. Farmers and dealers often rely on experience, which can result in confusion between fungal and bacterial infections. When both are present, using only one type of pesticide may miss the optimal treatment window, leading to poor results and the perception that the pesticide isn't effective.
Fourth, there is a common misunderstanding about mixing pesticides. Many farmers try to combine multiple types in one application, but this can cause problems. For example, improper dilution order or incompatible formulations can lead to chemical reactions, such as precipitation or reduced efficacy. The pH of the mixture also matters—mixing acidic and alkaline substances can neutralize each other, making the pesticide less effective or even harmful to plants.
Fifth, the approach to disease prevention needs to change. Many farmers adopt an "attack after the disease occurs" strategy, relying heavily on single agents like dimethomorph, metalaxyl, or cymoxanil. This reactive method can lead to resistance if used continuously. Instead, a proactive approach based on "prevention first" and integrated management is more sustainable. Rotating different active ingredients and combining them with protective agents can help delay resistance development.
Lastly, environmental conditions like temperature and humidity also influence pesticide effectiveness. Spraying when dew is still wet can dilute the solution, while extreme temperatures can reduce the pesticide’s activity. Ideal conditions are usually between 20°C and 30°C.
It's important to move away from the idea of "magic solutions" and focus on proper application, accurate diagnosis, and smart pesticide use. As the **China Pesticide Network** reminds us, maximizing the effectiveness of pesticides requires identifying and addressing the factors that limit their performance. By taking a scientific and careful approach, farmers can achieve better results and protect their crops more effectively.