Door and Window Curtain Wall Knowledge - Energy Saving (breathing) Curtain Wall

[China Aluminum Network] Breathing curtain wall, also known as double curtain wall, double ventilation curtain wall, hot aisle curtain wall and so on appeared in Europe in the 1990s. It consists of two walls inside and outside, forming a relatively closed between the inner and outer curtain walls. Space, air can enter from the lower air inlet, and also leave this space from the upper air outlet. This space is often in an air flow state, and heat flows in this space.
The principle and classification of respiratory curtain wall The respiratory curtain wall is composed of two layers of glass curtain wall inside and outside. Compared with the traditional curtain wall, its major feature is the formation of a ventilation and ventilation layer between the inner and outer curtain walls. Because of this ventilation layer, The circulation or circulation of air makes the inner curtain wall temperature close to the indoor temperature, reducing the temperature difference so that it saves energy by 42%-52% compared with the traditional curtain wall heating, and saves energy by 38%-60% when cooling. With the use of curtain walls, the soundproofing effect of the entire curtain wall has been greatly improved. Respiratory curtain walls can be classified into two types: "closed internal circulation system" and "open external circulation system" depending on the structure of the ventilation layer.
1. Closed inner circulation system Respiratory curtain wall Closed inner circulation system Respiratory curtain wall is generally used in areas where winter is relatively cold. The outer layer is completely closed in principle. Generally, the outer glass is composed of heat-insulating profile and insulating glass. The curtain wall, whose inner layer is usually a single-layer glass curtain wall or openable window, allows the outer curtain wall to be cleaned. The ventilation layer between the two curtain walls is generally 100-200 mm. The ventilating ventilation layer is connected with the ventilation system exhaust pipe installed at the top of the ceiling to form a forced air circulation from the bottom to the top. Indoor air enters the ventilation layer through the ventilation holes at the lower part of the inner glass, so that the temperature of the inner curtain wall glass reaches or reaches Close to the indoor temperature, resulting in superior temperature conditions to achieve energy savings. Adjustable shutters or drapes are provided in the channel to effectively adjust the sun's shading and create a more comfortable environment for the interior.
According to the use of the Lloyd's Register headquarters building and the U.S. West Chemical Center building, its energy-saving effect is more than 50% compared with the traditional single-layer curtain wall.
2. Open-type outer circulation system Respiratory curtain wall Open-type outer circulation system Respiratory curtain wall is opposite to “closed-breathing curtain wall”. Its outer layer is a glass curtain wall composed of single-layer glass and non-heat-breaking sections. The inner layer is hollow. Glass curtain wall with broken heat profile. Ventilation and exhaust devices are installed at both ends of the air-ventilation layer formed by the inner and outer curtain walls, and a visor such as a louver can also be installed in the channel. In winter, the air intakes at the two ends of the ventilation layer are closed, and the air in the ventilation layer rises under the sunlight to form a greenhouse, which effectively increases the temperature of the inner glass and reduces the heating cost of the building. In the summer, open the air inlet and outlet of the ventilation layer. Under the irradiation of the sun, the air temperature of the air-conditioning layer rises naturally, forming a bottom-up air flow. The chimney effect takes away the heat in the channel and reduces the inner layer. The temperature of the glass surface reduces cooling costs. In addition, through the control of the intake and exhaust air outlets and the design of the inner curtain wall structure, the purpose of transporting fresh air from the ventilation floor to the room is achieved, thereby optimizing the ventilation quality of the building.
It can be seen that the “open-type outer circulation system breathing curtain wall” not only has the advantages of “closed inner circulation type system” respiratory curtain wall in terms of shading and sound insulation, but also stands out in terms of comfort and energy saving, and provides the possibility of natural ventilation of high-rise super high-rise buildings. Therefore, the physiological and psychological requirements of the user are met to a greater extent.
The open-ended, external-circulation-system breathing curtain wall was adopted at the Head Office of the German Commercial Bank in Frankfurt, Germany and the headquarters of the RWE Industrial Group in Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
Advantages of Breathing Curtain Walls Respiratory curtain walls have the following outstanding advantages over traditional single-layer curtain walls:
In principle, the principle of the “chimney effect” and “greenhouse effect” is used for the respiratory curtain wall. It is from the function of the curtain wall to solve the problem of energy conservation; the single curtain wall is only selected from the material, and it reaches a certain degree through the characteristics of the material itself. energy saving effect.
From the perspective of environmental protection, the respiratory curtain wall is energy-saving due to its function, and the outer glass is made of colorless transparent glass or low-reflective glass, which can greatly reduce the adverse effects of glass reflection ("light pollution"); single-layer glass curtain wall is To ensure the effect of indoor and outdoor effects and energy saving, the glass is generally coated glass with a certain reflection function.
From the aspect of energy saving, the respiratory curtain wall is about 50% more energy efficient than a single curtain wall due to the effect of the ventilation layer. It is a new direction to solve the building energy saving.
From the use, the emergence of ventilation layer, so that the summer curtain wall to save cooling costs, winter heating costs can be saved. At the same time, the sunshade louvers are placed in the ventilation layer, which can effectively prevent the sun from affecting the facade effect.
From the aspect of comfort, the soundproof performance of the respiratory curtain wall can reach 55dB, so that people living and working in the room can have a quiet environment. On the other hand, no matter whether the weather is good or bad, the natural air can be directly used without having to open the window ventilation layer. Transferred to the interior to provide fresh air for the interior, thereby improving the comfort of the interior. And effectively reduce the drawbacks of high-rise buildings relying solely on mechanical ventilation of HVAC equipment.
The above advantages of the respiratory curtain wall have made great development in many developed countries in the world. It has begun to receive attention in China and has entered the use phase.

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