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Cucumber grafting method
Grafting is an essential technique in horticulture, particularly for improving plant resistance and productivity. The first method is the straight insertion grafting technique. In this approach, black-seed pumpkin is used as the rootstock, chosen for its strong compatibility, good quality, and high resistance to local diseases. Both the rootstock and scion seeds need to be disinfected and germinated before sowing. When grafting winter and spring sorghum, black-seed pumpkins should be sown two to three days earlier (with temperature-controlled seedlings). Once the rootstock has developed two true leaves, and the scion seedling reaches a diameter of about 1 cm, it is the ideal time for grafting.
The growth point of the rootstock is cut with a sharp blade, and then a bamboo needle (made from the cotyledons of the scion) is inserted vertically into the incision, about 4 to 5 mm deep. The scion is cut at a 30-degree angle, 5 mm below the cotyledon node, creating an elliptical cut surface that is 4 to 5 mm long. After removing the bamboo needle, the scion is carefully inserted into the hole, aligned with the rootstock, and secured with a plastic clip. After watering, the grafted plants are placed in a small humid greenhouse. Humidity should be maintained at around 95% for the first three days after grafting, with daytime temperatures between 25°C and 28°C, and nighttime temperatures between 18°C and 20°C.
Four days after grafting, the greenhouse should be slightly ventilated. After eight days, the plastic film can be removed gradually. About 25 days later, when the plant has reached the three-leaf one-heart stage, it can be transplanted into the field.
The second grafting method involves using a nutrient bowl for the rootstock. A 5 to 10 mm oblique cut is made on the hypocotyl, starting from the top down to 6 to 10 mm. Then, another oblique cut is made 20 to 30 mm below the cotyledon node, from bottom to top, creating a 6 to 8 mm cut. The scion is then inserted into the rootstock's incision and secured with a micro-plastic clamp. The root of the scion is covered with soil. Approximately 20 days after grafting, the base of the scion will start to develop roots, and the rest of the care is similar to the straight insertion method. (Li Suqiao)