National standards related to waterproof construction

The Code for Construction of Residential Decoration Projects, numbered GB50327-2001, was implemented on May 1, 2002. This code provides essential guidelines for residential construction and renovation, with Chapter 6 focusing specifically on waterproof engineering.

Chapter 6 outlines general regulations that apply to waterproofing in critical areas such as bathrooms, kitchens, and balconies. It emphasizes the importance of using coating films for waterproofing, ensuring that all personnel involved are properly certified. Before starting the waterproofing work, it is crucial that all concealed works—like floor and wall structures—are completed and inspected. The construction methods must follow national standards and safety protocols.

Safety during the process is a top priority. Adequate lighting and proper ventilation must be maintained throughout the project. Additionally, the ambient temperature should remain above 5°C to ensure the effectiveness of waterproof materials. Waterproofing should be applied in two layers to enhance durability and performance.

Regarding material quality, waterproof coatings must meet national standards and come with a valid certificate of conformity. This ensures that only reliable products are used in the construction process.

During the construction phase, the base surface must be smooth and free from defects like cracking, peeling, or hollow spots. The moisture content should also align with the specifications of the waterproof material being used. Special attention should be given to areas such as floor drains, pipe casings, and corners, where additional waterproof layers are required to prevent leaks.

The waterproof layer should extend from the floor up the walls by at least 100mm, while in bathrooms, the wall coverage should reach a minimum of 1800mm. When applying waterproof mortar, the mix ratio must comply with design or product specifications. The waterproof layer must bond firmly with the base, have a smooth surface, and avoid issues like air pockets, cracks, or unevenness. Rounded corners are recommended to reduce stress points.

The protective layer made of cement mortar should meet the thickness and strength requirements outlined in the design. Finally, several national standards govern waterproof products, including "Polymer Cement Waterproof Mortar" (JC/T 984-2005), which is categorized into Class I (single-component) and Class II (two-component). Another standard, "Polymer Cement Waterproof Coating" (JC/T 894-2001), includes Type I (polymer-based) and Type II (cement-based) options.

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