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1 fertilizer fertilizer is the material basis for vegetative growth in the early growth stage of soybean, and should meet the demand for nutrients in the early flowering stage of soybean, so as to achieve early emergence and emergence of seedlings.
a. The first type of fertilizer is organic fertilizer, medium or low fertility plot, 1 5.0-22.5 t per hectare of fertilized organic fertilizer; high fertility plot, 7.5 organic fertilizer per hectare ~1 5.0t, applied with sufficient mixing of fertilizer. The second type is chemical fertilizer, which is mainly composed of phosphate fertilizer, and is applied with 1-20 to 150 kg of diammonium phosphate and 150 kg of potassium sulfate per hectare.
b. The fertilization method can be applied to the bottom of the ridge when the top is ploughed, or applied to the bottom of the seeding or the side of the seed at the time of sowing. Fertilizer and seeds must be isolated and should be more than 3 cm apart.
2 Topdressing 2.1 The topdressing period and dosage are based on the soil fertility status of the bean field, the type and amount of fertilizer applied, and the growth of the soybean. For general fertility plots, in the early flowering stage of soybean, 4-5-7 kg of urea or 90-150 kg of ammonium sulfate per hectare. The fertilizer was applied to one side of the soybean plant, and then buried in time with the cultivating soil. Plots with high fertility and sufficient fertilizers, such as soybeans, may not be followed by nitrogen fertilizer, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote ripening and lodging resistance; land with weak soil fertility, less applied fertilizer, and weak peas Fertilization should be carried out at the seedling stage, and 120 to 15 kg of diammonium phosphate per hectare.
2.2 Foliar topdressing Soybean leaves have strong ability to absorb nutrients and can absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. Soybeans are required to absorb large amounts of nutrients during flowering, pod formation, and blasting. In the case of insufficient supply of soil nutrients and difficulty in root topdressing, foliar topdressing can be used. The use of foliar topdressing is small, and the fertilizer efficiency is fast. It can overcome the shortcomings of root topdressing when dryness is not easy to be effective, and it can also avoid problems such as inconvenient root dressing and injury.
a. Types and dosages of foliar fertilizers Fertilizers that can be applied to soybean leaf surface include urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, three phosphorus, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate, borax, manganese sulfate, and zinc sulfate. The solution concentration of the leaf top dressing should be approximately or slightly lower than the liquid concentration in the soybean. Generally, hectares use 7.5 to 11.2 kg of urea, 1.12 to 2.25 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 150 g of triple phosphorus, 75 g of potassium sulfate, 150 to 225 g of ammonium molybdate, and 1.5 kg of borax.
b. Foliar topdressing period The initial flowering period of soybeans is sprayed 2 to 3 times at the beginning of the granules, each time interval is about 10 days, and spraying at 2 to 3 pm, so that the fertilizer solution stays on the leaf surface for a long time, which is beneficial to the harvest.
Huaxian Agricultural University Liu Huimin
Soybean rational fertilization management technology
Soybeans have different requirements for the same element at different growth stages. Only when necessary, rational application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various micro-fertilizers can meet the needs of different growth stages of soybeans, avoiding lengthy and lodging, and achieving high yield of soybeans.
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