General: Fire Safety Technology (8) Automatic Sprinkler System

Prior to the construction and installation of automatic sprinkler systems, on-site water supply facilities, system components, pipe fittings and other equipment and materials shall be inspected in accordance with the quality control requirements for the construction process. The inspection contents shall include inspection of product quality certification documents and on-site product inspection and inspection. The equipment, components, fittings, and materials that are judged as unqualified shall not be used for construction and installation.

First, the nozzle on-site inspection

Focus on inspection of its appearance, sealing, quality deviation and other content.

(I) Inspection contents and requirements

1. Spray head assembly performance check

Inspection requirements: screw on the top wire of the sprayer. Do not unscrew it easily. Rotate the splash tray without loosening or deformation to ensure that the print head is not easily adjusted, disassembled, and reinstalled.

2. Nozzle appearance mark inspection

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) The sprinkler splash plate or body has at least a permanent mark such as the model specification, manufacturer's name (code) or trademark, production time, and response time index ( RTI ).

( 2 ) There is a water flow direction mark on the side wall type sprinkler; the cover of the concealed type sprayer has a text mark such as “cannot be coated”.

( 3 ) The marking of nozzle specifications is made up of type signature (model), performance code (as shown in Table 3-4-2 -1 ), nominal diameter and nominal operating temperature, etc. Design file selection requirements.

( 4 ) All logos are permanent logos, and the logos are correct and clear.

(5) glass beads, fusible element (3-4-2-1) and the color temperature scale (Table 3-4-2-2) correspond correctly

3. Appearance quality inspection

Inspection requirements: ( 1 ) The appearance of the nozzle is free of machining defects, no mechanical damage, no obvious bumping scratches or damage; there is no looseness, falling off, damage or deformation of the splashing plate.

( 2 ) There is no flaw, burr, missing thread or broken yarn on the thread sealing surface of the nozzle.

4 closed nozzle sealing performance test

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) The test pressure of the sealing performance test is 3.0 MPa and the holding pressure time is not less than 3 min .

( 2 ) Randomly extract 1 % from each batch of field sprinklers and no less than 5 as test heads. When one nozzle test fails, 2 % is again drawn , and no less than 10 field sprinklers repeat the test.

( 3 ) The test was passed without any leakage or damage. A total of two and more than two nozzle test failed, the batch shall not be used nozzle.

5. Quality deviation check

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) Randomly extract 3 spray heads (with removed helmets for transportation helmets) for quality deviation inspection.

( 2 ) Use a balance to measure the mass of each sprinkler.

( 3 ) Calculate the quality deviation between the nozzle quality and the qualification inspection report. The deviation must not exceed 5% .

Second, the alarm valve group on-site inspection

Focus on inspection (inspection) of its attachment configuration, appearance identification, appearance quality, leakage test and alarm valve structure and so on.

(I) Inspection valve group inspection contents and requirements

1. The appearance of the alarm valve group

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) The logo, specifications and models of the alarm valve are complete, and there is a permanent mark on the valve body indicating the flow direction.

( 2 ) The specifications of the alarm valve are in accordance with the requirements of fire design documents that have passed the fire design approval or are filed.

( 3 ) The alarm valve assembly and its accessories are fully equipped with no cracks on the surface, no processing defects and mechanical damage.

2 alarm valve structure inspection

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) There is a water outlet on the valve body, and the nominal diameter of the water outlet is not less than 20mm .

( 2 ) The water supply side of the valve body of the valve body is provided with a test line for testing the alarm device without opening the valve.

( 3 ) Dry alarm valve sets and rain alarm valve sets are equipped with automatic drain valves.

( 4 ) The valve body is clean and free of foreign matter, and the alarm valve flap can be reset after it is opened.

3. Alarm valve group operation performance inspection

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) The valve flap of the alarm valve and the operating mechanism are flexible and free of jamming.

( 2 ) The bell hammer of the hydraulic bell is flexible and free from block.

( 3 ) Hydraulic bell transmission shaft sealing performance is good, no leakage of water phenomenon.

4. Alarm valve leakage test

Test the alarm valve tightness, the test pressure is 2 times the rated working pressure of hydrostatic pressure, after the pressure holding time is not less than 5min , there is no leakage at the valve flap.

Third, on-site inspection of other components

Other components include pressure switches, water flow indicators, and end-of-water testing devices, focusing on inspections of their appearance and functions.

(a) check the contents

1. Visual inspection

Inspection requirements:

( 1 ) Pressure switches, water flow indicators, and end-of-water test devices have clear nameplates, safety instructions, and product instructions.

( 2 ) There is a permanent mark in the direction of water flow; there is a clear open and closed state mark on the test valve of the end test water device.

( 3 ) There must be no structural looseness or obvious processing defects in each component, and the surface may not have obvious rust, coating spalling, blistering, burrs, etc.; the water flow indicator paddle is intact.

2. Functional check

( 1 ) Flow indicator

Inspection requirements:

â‘  Sensitivity Check flow indicator test pressure of 0.14MPa ~ 1.2MPa, the flow rate is not greater than 15.0l / min, the water flow indicator does not alarm; flow 15.0L /min~37.5 L / min on either alarm value, and reaches 37.5 L /min certain alarm.

2 Water flow indicator with delay function, check the alarm delay time after paddle action, within 2s~90s , and it is not adjustable.

( 2 ) Pressure switch

Test the pressure switch action, check the normally open or normally closed contacts on and off, and the action is reliable and accurate.

( 3 ) Terminal water testing device

Inspection requirements: 1 Test the sealing performance of the end test water device, the test pressure is 1.1 times of the rated working pressure , and the pressure holding time is 5 min . The test valve of the end test water device is closed. At the end of the test, there is no leakage of the components of the end test water device.

The 2nd end test water device has a manual (electric) operation mode which is flexible and easy to open. The signal feedback device can output a signal after the end test water device is turned on. After the test water valve is closed, the end test water device has no leakage.

Section III   System components installation, debugging and inspection

First, the nozzle

(A) nozzle installation and quality inspection requirements

After the system is pressure tested and flushed, nozzle installation is carried out. Before installation, check the fire design documents to determine the type and specifications of the nozzles in different locations. Sprinkler installation is implemented according to the following requirements:

1. Using a special wrench (shown in FIG 3-3-3-1) mounted head, prohibit the use of applied screwing head frame; frame nozzle, deflector deformed, releasing the original damage to the specifications of the same type The nozzle is replaced.

2. When the spray head is installed, the spray head must not be disassembled or changed. It is forbidden to attach any decorative coating on the spray head.

4. When the nominal diameter of the nozzle is less than 10mm , install the filter on the water distribution pipe and distribution pipe of the system.

6. When the spray plate of the sprinkler is higher than the bottom of the beam or above the ventilation pipe, pipe, or the vent of the bridge which is less than 1.2m in width , the splash plate of the sprinkler is higher than the vertical of the bottom of the beam, the ventilation pipe, the pipe, and the vent of the bridge. Distance to the national standard "construction and acceptance of automatic sprinkler system" GB50261 regulations. When beams, ventilation ducts, row pipes and bridges are wider than 1.2m , nozzles are added below the ventral surface.

7. When the sprinkler is installed near the partition that is less than the top, the horizontal distance and the minimum vertical distance between the sprinkler and the partition meet the requirements of the national standard "Code for the Construction and Acceptance of Automatic Sprinkler Systems" GB50261 .

(b) Test methods

The visual inspection and ruler inspection methods are used for the inspection; the specific methods and criteria for the technical inspection are detailed in the inspection and acceptance criteria of the nozzles in the completion acceptance.

Second, the alarm valve group

The alarm valve group is installed in the water supply pipe network after the test pressure, flushing qualified organization implementation.

(I) Common requirements for installation and technical inspection of alarm valve assembly

1. The alarm valve group is installed according to the following requirements and its installation quality is controlled through technical inspection:

( 1 ) According to the standard atlas or the installation drawings provided by the manufacturer, install the alarm valve body and its auxiliary piping.

( 2 ) The alarm valve group is vertically installed on the water distribution pipeline. The water flow control valve and alarm valve group have the same water flow direction as the system water flow direction. The installation sequence of the alarm valve group is to install the water source control valve and alarm valve first, and then connect the alarm valve auxiliary pipeline.

( 3 ) Install the alarm valve group according to the position determined in the design drawings; the design of the alarm valve unit is not obvious, and the alarm valve unit is installed in an obvious position for easy operation and monitoring.

( 4 ) The height of the bottom edge of the valve body of the alarm valve is 1.2m ; the distance between the side and the wall is not less than 0.5m ; the distance between the front and the wall is not less than 1.2m ; the distance between the protruding parts of the alarm valve set is not less than 0.5m .

( 5 ) When the alarm valve assembly is installed indoors, additional drainage facilities shall be provided on the indoor floor.

2. Attachment installation requirements

The relevant accessories of the alarm valve assembly are determined according to the following requirements, installed and installed, and the installation quality is controlled through technical inspection:

( 1 ) Install a system flow pressure detection device consisting of a control valve, a meter for detecting water pressure, flow, and a drainage pipe on the main water supply pipe between the alarm valve and the pipe network. The water passing capacity is the same; when the dry alarm valve group and the rain alarm valve group are installed with the detection pipeline, the water flow may not enter the signal control valve of the system pipeline network.

( 2 ) The hydraulic bell is installed on the external wall near the public passage or duty room, and the valves for inspection and testing are installed.

( 3 ) The connection of the hydraulic bell and the alarm valve shall be made of hot-dip galvanized steel pipe. When the nominal diameter of the galvanized steel pipe is 20mm , the length shall not be greater than 20m .

( 4 ) When the installed hydraulic bell is started, the alarm bell strength is not less than 70dB .

( 5 ) After passing the pressure test and flushing of the system pipe network, the exhaust valve is installed at the top of the water distribution pipe and at the end of the water distribution pipe.

(B) Alarm valve group detection method

Visual inspection, ruler measurement, and sound level metering methods are used for detection. The specific methods and criteria for technical inspections are described in the Acceptance Methods and Qualification Criteria of the Alarm Valves Group for Completion Acceptance.

Third, the water alarm device

(A) flow indicator

1. Installation and technical inspection requirements

Only after the pipeline is pressure tested and flushed can the water flow indicator be installed. Before installing the water flow indicator (as shown in Figure 3-4-3 -15 ), check the product specification and model against the fire design documents. The flow indicator is installed according to the following requirements:

( 1 ) The water flow indicator electrical components (components) are installed vertically on the upper side of the horizontal pipeline, and its direction of action is consistent with the flow direction of the water.

( 2 ) After the water flow indicator is installed, the blades and diaphragms are flexible and must not be rubbed against the pipe wall.

( 3 ) Automatic sprinkler system controlled by signal valve and water flow indicator simultaneously. The signal valve is installed on the pipeline in front of the water flow indicator, and the distance from the water flow indicator is not less than 300mm .

Fourth, system debugging

System commissioning includes water source testing, fire pump commissioning, commissioning pump commissioning, alarm valve commissioning, drainage facility commissioning and linkage testing. During the commissioning process, the system effluent was completely drained through the drainage facilities.

(I) System debugging preparation

System debugging requires the following conditions:

1. Fire tanks and fire tanks have been designed to store the required amount of water.

2. The system power supply is normal.

3. The water level and air pressure of the fire fighting water supply equipment comply with the fire design requirements.

4. Wet sprinkler system pipe network filled with water; dry, pre-action sprinkler system pipe network pressure in line with fire design requirements; valves are no leakage.

5. The automatic fire alarm system supporting the system is completed and is in working condition.

(B) system debugging requirements and functional testing

1. alarm valve

Alarm valve group commissioning in accordance with the wet alarm valve group, dry alarm valve group, pre-action device, rain alarm valve group to conduct their own characteristics of debugging, alarm valve group before commissioning, first check the alarm valve group components to ensure that its components are complete, the assembly is correct , After confirming that the installation complies with fire design requirements and fire technical standards, conduct commissioning.

( 1 ) Wet Alarm Valves

When the wet alarm valve group is commissioned, discharge water from the test water device. When the wet alarm valve inlet water pressure is greater than 0.14MPa and the discharge water flow is greater than 1L /s , the alarm valve starts. The water alarm with delay device is issued within 5~90s . Alarm bells, hydraulic bells without delay, should give an alarm bell within 15 seconds , pressure switch action, and feedback signal.

( 2 ) Dry alarm valve group

When the dry alarm valve group is commissioned, open the system test valve. The start time of the alarm valve, the pressure at the start point, and the time required for the flow of water to the outlet of the test device meet the fire design requirements.

( 3 ) Rain alarm valve group

The rain alarm valve group commissioning uses testing and test pipelines for water supply. The rain alarm valve activated automatically and manually starts within 15 seconds after the linkage signal is sent or the manual control operation ; the rain alarm valve with a nominal diameter greater than 200mm starts within 60 seconds . When the rain alarm valve is commissioned, when the alarm pressure is 0.05 MPa , the water alarm bell sounds an alarm bell.

The commissioning of the preaction device shall be comprehensively debugged according to the debugging requirements of the wet alarm valve set and the rain alarm valve set. Wet alarm valve sets, dry alarm valve sets, pre-action devices, and rain alarm valve sets are measured by pressure gauges, flow meters, stopwatches, and sound intensity meters, and are observed and inspected.

2. Linkage debugging and detection

( 1 ) Wet system

Commissioning and testing content: The system control device is set to "automatic" control mode, start a nozzle or open the end of the test water device, the flow rate is maintained at 0.94L / s ~ 1.5L / s , flow indicator, alarm valve, pressure switch, Hydraulic bells and fire pumps are used for timely action, and the action signals of the corresponding components are fed back to the fire-fighting linkage control device.

Detection method: Open the valve to release water, use the flow meter, pressure gauge to check the flow, pressure, visual observation system action.

( 2 ) Dry system

Detection debugging Content: system control device is set to "automatic" control mode, a starting head or a simulated exhaust nozzle displacement, alarm valves, pressure switches, hydraulic pumps, etc. and fire alarm in time and a corresponding action Component signal feedback.

Detection method: visual inspection for inspection.

( 3 ) Preaction system, rain system, water curtain system

Debugging test content: The system control device is set to "automatic" control mode, using special test instruments or other methods to simulate the fire automatic alarm system to input all kinds of fire detection signals, the alarm controller outputs the sound and light alarm signal, start the automatic sprinkler system . When the rain system and the water curtain system started by the drive pipe are used for linkage test, one nozzle is started , the rain alarm valve is opened, the pressure switch is actuated, the fire pump is started, and corresponding component signal feedback is provided.

Detection method: visual inspection for inspection.

V. System acceptance

After the completion of the system, the construction unit organizes the acceptance of the completion of the project. The completion acceptance of the automatic sprinkler system includes the sampling inspection and functional testing of the various components of the system.

(I) Pipeline acceptance inspection

1. Acceptance content

( 1 ) Check the pipe material, pipe diameter, joints, connection methods, and anti-corrosion and antifreeze measures.

( 2 ) Measure the drainage gradient of the pipe network and check the setting of auxiliary drainage facilities.

( 3 ) Check the installation position, components, and setting conditions of the water test device, test valve, and exhaust valve at the end of the system.

( 4 ) Check the alarm valve group, gate valve, check valve, solenoid valve, signal valve, water flow indicator, decompression orifice plate, throttling tube, pressure reducing valve, flexible joint, drain pipe, row installed in different parts of the system. Valves, pressure relief valves and other components installed location, installation.

( 5 ) Test the volume of the pipe network of the dry fire extinguishing system and the water filling time of the system; test the pre-action and the time of the pipe filling of the rain extinguishing system.

( 6 ) Check the installation of brackets, hangers, and sway bracing brackets for the water distribution pipes, water distribution pipes, and water distribution pipes.

2. Eligibility criteria

( 1 ) After inspection, pipeline materials, pipe diameters, joints, pipeline connection methods, and anti-corrosion and anti-freeze measures, etc., meet the requirements of fire-fighting technical standards and fire-fighting design documents; no pipes for other purposes are installed on the pipeline behind the alarm valve. Faucet.

( 2 ) After measuring, the lateral installation slope of the pipeline is 0.002 to 0.005 and the slope is facing the drainage pipe; the corresponding drainage measures are set to meet the specified requirements.

( 3 ) The installation positions, components, etc. of the final test equipment, test valves, and exhaust valves in the system meet the requirements of the fire design documents.

( 4 ) After comparing the fire design documents, the alarm valve group, gate valve, check valve, solenoid valve, signal valve, water flow indicator, decompression orifice plate, throttling tube, pressure reducing valve, flexible joint, drainage pipe in the system , exhaust valve, pressure relief valve and other installation positions, components, installation methods, installation requirements and other requirements.

( 5 ) After the measurement, the time for filling the pipeline of the dry fire extinguishing system is not more than 1 min ; the time for the pipeline filling of the pre-action and the rain extinguishing system is not more than 2 min .

( 6 ) After measurement, the pipe brackets, hangers, sway bracing brackets, fixing methods, installation spacing, and installation requirements are in compliance with the fire safety technical standards.

(B) nozzle acceptance inspection

1. Acceptance content

( 1 ) Check the nozzle installation location, specifications, model and nominal operating temperature, response time index ( RTI ) and other performance parameters.

( 2 ) Measure the distance between the nozzle installation and the obstacles such as the floor, wall and beam.

( 3 ) Check the nozzle protection measures in special use environments.

( 4 ) Check the nozzle backup amount.

2. Eligibility criteria

( 1 ) After verification, the performance parameters such as nozzle setting location, specification, model, nominal operating temperature, and response time index ( RTI ) meet the requirements of fire design documents.

( 2 ) Measured in accordance with the distance deviation ± 15mm , the nozzle installation space, the distance between the nozzle and the floor, walls, beams and other obstacles meet the fire technical standards and fire design documents.

( 3 ) The nozzles installed in places with corrosive gas and in places with frozen danger have adopted protective measures such as anti-corrosion and anti-freezing; the nozzles in places with collision hazards are equipped with protective covers.

( 4 ) After spot inspection, the number of spare parts for various nozzles of different specifications is not less than 1 % of the total number of nozzles installed , and not less than 10 for each type of spare nozzle .

(III) Checking of alarm valve sets

1. Acceptance content

( 1 ) Before acceptance, check the composition and installation of the alarm valve assembly and its accessories, and the status of the alarm valve assembly.

( 2 ) Start the alarm valve group detection device and test its flow and pressure.

( 3 ) Test the alarm valve group and its automatic start function to the system.

2. Acceptance method

( 1 ) Check the installation position and structural status of the alarm valve group and its accessories against the fire design documents or the installation drawings provided by the manufacturer. Manually check the status of the control valves of the water supply main pipe side and the water distributi