Storage is essential in the breeding process. However, due to improper storage, mildew or insects in feeds directly affect the nutrients of feed and raw materials, bring diseases and other hazards to livestock and poultry, and ultimately cause significant losses to farmers. It often happens, so it is very important to focus on feed and raw material storage, and farmers must pay attention to it. Key points that should be noted in the storage of feed ingredients: Temperature, insect In addition to biting food and contaminating feed, insects also cause an increase in temperature and humidity. Insects are very sensitive to changes in temperature. When the temperature is 15.5 ° C or below, the reproduction is slow or even stopped. When the temperature is as high as 41 ° C or above, it is not easy to exist. The optimum temperature for insect breeding is about 29 ° C. The life cycle of insects is about 30 days, and the reproduction is very fast; when pests are generally found, fumigation can be used to disinfect insects. Humidity As the humidity increases, the mold rapidly multiplies, so that the temperature and humidity in the warehouse are increased, followed by the mildew and acidity, and the humidity is controlled below 65%. Light Feed or nutrients often mutate due to light or accelerate their changes due to light, which catalyzes feed changes. Light can cause fat oxidation, destroy fat-soluble vitamins, and proteins are denatured by light. Oxygen Oxygen in the atmosphere can oxidize fat, affect the biological value of proteins and destroy certain vitamins, not only affecting nutrients, but also reducing palatability. Microbial Molds, bacteria, and yeasts may rapidly multiply due to environmental changes, reduce the availability of raw materials, and may also cause toxins to cause poisoning. Raw material Its own characteristics such as fineness, pH, integrity, uniformity, water content, maturity, etc., usually less than 13% of the raw material moisture can inhibit the growth of most microorganisms, less than 10% can reduce the production of insects. Warehousing equipment, management Both the heat insulation effect and the storage period affect the quality changes of the feed ingredients during storage. The management includes the control of the pests, ventilation, warehousing, and first-in-first-out. Safe storage of different feeds or raw materials: 1. Safe storage of feed ingredients Storage of animal protein feed Animal protein feeds such as silkworm cocoons, meat and bone meal, fish meal, bone meal, etc. are not widely used, and can generally be stored in plastic bags. In order to prevent heat and mildew from getting wet, seal it in a plastic bag and place it in a dry, ventilated place. During the period of storage, it is necessary to check frequently, and to detect and deal with fever early, in order to avoid undue losses. Storage of The cake-type feed includes rapeseed cake, peanut cake, cake, etc. The cake is rich in protein, fat and other nutrients, and the surface layer has no natural protective layer, so it is easy to mold and deteriorate, and has poor storability. When a large amount of cake-like feed is stored, it is generally stored by stacking. When stacking, first level the ground, and lay a layer of linoleum, or padded 20 cm thick dry sand to prevent moisture. The cakes should be piled up into a wind-permeable wall. Each piece is separated by 20 cm. The second layer is staggered and placed in the first layer. The stacking code is generally no more than 20 layers. The moisture content of the freshly baked cakes is higher than 5%. When stacking, stack 1 layer of oil cake and lay a layer of partition such as dry sorghum straw or dry straw, or add 1 layer of partition every 1 layer to ventilate and dry. , dampness, moisture absorption. Since the storable feed of the cake feed is degraded due to finishing, it is immediately used in the production. 2. Safe storage of compound feed Matching feed storage moisture and humidity control The moisture in the compound feed storage is generally required to be less than 12%, and if the moisture is controlled below 10%, any microorganism cannot grow. The moisture content of the compound feed is greater than 12%, or the humidity in the air is large. The compound feed must be kept dry during storage. The package should be double-layered with a non-breathable plastic bag and externally wrapped in a textile bag. Note that the storage environment, especially the warehouse, should always be kept ventilated and dry. Matching feed storage temperature control When the temperature is lower than 10 °C, the mold grows slowly, and when it is higher than 30 °C, the growth is rapid, and the feed quality is rapidly deteriorated. The unsaturated fatty acid in the feed is also easily oxidized and deteriorated under high temperature and high humidity. Therefore, the compound feed should be stored in a low temperature ventilated place. The warehouse should have heat-proof performance to prevent solar radiation from entering, and the roof should be covered with heat insulation; the walls should be painted white to reduce heat absorption. Trees can be shaded around the warehouse to improve the external environment, regulate the indoor microclimate, and ensure safe storage. Prevention of pests and rodents in feed storage, The main factors affecting the reproduction of pests during storage are temperature, relative humidity and feed moisture content. Generally, the suitable growth temperature of stored grain pests is 26 ° C ~ 27 ° C, and the relative humidity is 10% ~ 50%. In general, moths eat the surface of the feed, and beetles are harmful to the whole layer. In order to avoid pests and rodents, the inner wall of the warehouse, the cracks and dead corners should be completely removed before the storage of the feed, the corner holes should be blocked, and the sealing fumigation treatment should be carried out to effectively prevent pests and rodents and minimize the losses caused. 3. Safe storage of different varieties of compound feed Storage of full-price pellet feed The full-price pellet feed is made by steam or water, a large number of harmful microorganisms and pests are killed, and the gap is large, the water content is low, and the gelatinized starch encloses the vitamin, so the storage performance is good, as long as the moisture is protected, ventilation In the dark, it will not be mildewed in the short term, and the vitamin damage will be less. However, the disadvantage of full-price powdered feed is that the surface area is large, the porosity is small, the thermal conductivity is poor, and it is easy to return to the tide. The fat and vitamins are exposed to air, which is easily oxidized and damaged by light. Therefore, it should be noted that the storage period cannot be too long. The safe storage water content of pellet feed should generally be 11%~15%. Pay attention to moisture during storage. The arid regions in the north are 13% to 15%. To ensure that the moisture of the pellet feed does not exceed the standard, it is necessary to control the moisture of the raw material. If the moisture of the raw material exceeds the standard, it must be treated before granulation so that the moisture does not exceed the standard. In addition, during the granulation process, the quality of steam and the amount of additives are also important factors affecting the moisture content of the finished granules... Concentrated feed storage Concentrated feed contains rich protein, contains trace elements and vitamins, its thermal conductivity is poor, it is easy to absorb moisture, microorganisms and pests are easy to breed and breed, vitamins are also easily destroyed by light, heat, oxygen and other factors. Anti-fungal agents and antioxidants should be added to the concentrate to increase storage resistance. Generally stored for 3 to 4 weeks, it must be sold in time or used within a safe period. Control moisture, low temperature storage: high temperature and high humidity during storage are the main causes of mildew in feed. Because high temperature and high humidity can not only stimulate the activity of hydrolase such as lipase, amylase and protease, accelerate the decomposition rate of nutrients in feed, but also promote the reproduction and growth of harmful organisms such as microorganisms and stored grain pests, resulting in a large number of Damp heat, causing fever and mildew in the feed. Therefore, when storing the feed, the relative humidity of the air is required to be below 70%, and the moisture content of the feed should not exceed 12.5%. Anti-mildew and bacteria, avoid deterioration: The feed is prone to mildew during storage, transportation, sale and use. A large amount of mold not only consumes and decomposes the nutrients in the feed, but also lowers the quality of the feed and lowers the remuneration. It also causes diarrhea and enteritis in livestock and poultry that consume this feed, which can cause serious death. Practice has proved that in addition to improving the storage environment, the most effective way to extend the shelf life of the feed is to take physical or chemical means to prevent mold and sterilize, such as adding anti-fungal agents to the feed. In the case of ensuring that the feed and raw material storage methods are correct, it is still necessary to add an appropriate amount of mycotoxin compound treatment agent to prevent and control the combination. In this way, the harm caused by mycotoxins to livestock and poultry can be reduced and reduced. Orifice Plate Flowmeter,Orifice Type Flow Meter,Orifice Plate Flow Meter,Orifice Gas Flow Meter Jingsu Huaerwei Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd , https://www.hewflowmeter.com